Uniqlo in the Philippines Essay Example for Free

Uniqlo in the Philippines EssayUniqlo is a Japanese company that brings great casual wear to concourse and just about the world. Their target market is for e trulyone. Young or old, class a b and c. Uniqlo sell store is very(prenominal) in nowadays, especially here in the Philippines. Because hold water June 15, 2012 they open their store at Mall of Asia Philippines and theyre giving away tote bags to the first 500 daily customers from June 15 to 17 and to shoppers with a negligible single receipt of Php2,000 for free. They make a strategy that other retail store not been made. Their stores ca-ca many counters for cashiers, because they want to make their transactions very fast. Its too one way of their customer service, at the same time before they open their store they have lots of billboards, advertisement in newspapers, posting in the internet, etc. so people might aware to their new store. Maybe we are asking, are Uniqlo can affect the sales of other retail store w hen it comes to casual wear? The answer is yes, but just in the limited time. Maybe we are aware that most Filipino is containming to buy imported stuff.When Mango (U.S. brand) is opened here in the Philippines, Filipinos love to go there and buy clothes, when Forever 21 (Korean brand) is also opened, you can see that Filipinos are wearing their apparel too, and now Uniqlo (Japanese brand) is opened they said they want to be how Japanese wear clothes, because they said that in Paris, and Korea they just copied the style how Japanese people wearing their clothes and Maybe the real case of why Filipinos are buying stuff from different stores is that they want to be in always. Their look is unpredictable and they feel that if theyre wearing other countrys brands of clothes, bag, and shoes they are like (sosyal) the Uniqlo Company said in the internet that they canvas peoples behavior when it comes to buying apparels.Thats why in their store opening last June 15, 2012 they give away lots of bag, because they studied that Filipinos are love to have freebies. They captured the heart of many Filipinos who live near at moa, some of them their customers too are from different residence in metro manila. And I know why they opened their store at moa. Because of convenience, Uniqlo wants to target the north and the south area of metromanila. At the same time the price of their clothes are very reasonable why it is ok to buy them at a high cost.The cotton of their clothes is very soft and it not that thin when you wear it, the styles is also very nice compared to other retail stores, they have lots of variances when it comes to mens wear than women. Because they said Japanese men are more with-it than women and thats the thing they want to teach to Filipino people that its not sin if men are vainer than women. To conclude the things that Uniqlo want to tell to people is that. They more new quality that can market to people around the world and more good customer servi ce if no one retail store does.

Peculiar Institution Essay Example for Free

Peculiar fundament EssayOn September 23, 1861 Mrs. E. A. Spaulding of Central Village Windham County wrote Abraham Lincoln about the Peculiar Institution or Slavery. She believed that until it is abolished, civilization is impeded, humanity languishes and our boasted land of freedom is a practical lie. Two prominent persons of the era, John C. Calhoun and James Henry Hammond, thought the contrary. Calhoun and Hammond were strong defenders of Slavery. In his Mudsill Speech of 1858, Hammond justified the use of slaves through the Mudsill theory. He said that in order for the upper class to be able to push the country forward, in that respect had to be a lower class to support it. The lower class was needed to do the dirty job and the easy tasks. They were the ones with less intelligence and endowment save had the energy, subservience and loyalty demanded by the job, referring to the Africans. In the North, the laborers were not paid enough. They had to work long hours and some ended up as beggars. There were galore(postnominal) beggars in the North, but there were none in the South.The slaves in the South enjoyed lifetime employment and because they were well paid, they did not have to beg, did not go hungry, were neer out of jobs and neither did they have to work much than what they can do in a day. The slaves in the South were Blacks. They were from a different and inferior race. In working for slave owners in the South, their life had greatly improved. They had simple desires, little ambitions and they wanted no more than those. Both owners and slaves had no conflicts to disturb the peace of their days.In the case of the North, their slaves were their own race. Hammond believed that such a situation can be humiliating for the slaves, though they are the majority. As this majority had voting rights, they were actually more powerful. With such power they can create the most trouble for their employers. In his Disquisition on Government, Calhoun disag reed with the Founding Fathers idea of the rights of individuals. He believed that it was not true that people were born free and equal.The condition of life of the Blacks, being the inferior, had been improved by Slavery. They had become civilized, and their moral, physical and intellectual circumstances had changed for the better. Historically, there was neer a society where part of it did not depend on the efforts of the other. The living and working conditions of the South were much better than those in the North. The Southern slave owners took parcel out of his slaves and their families and were not subjected to the constant and unsettling labor problems in the North.Calhouns strongest argument against the Abolitionists was that protection of domestic institutions was granted exclusively to the states. Since Slavery was a peculiar institution to the South, attempts by other states to abolish it was defiance of the Constitution. Pro Slavery advocates cited Biblical references to argue that slavery was allowed by the Lord and intended for it to continue. Exodus 215-6, the slave says I love my wife, my master and my children, I will not go free. . nd that he (slave) shall serve him (master) for life.In Ephesians 65, God instructs Servants, obey your masters of this realness with fear and respect, with simplicity of heart, as if obeying Christ. In Genesis 926, Noah prayed to the Lord, Blessed be Yahweh, God of Shem, let Canaan be his slave. Titus 29 says enlighten slaves to be subject to their masters Colossians 322 instructs Servants obey your masters in everything not only while they are present, to gain favor with them, but because you fear the Lord. In all these, the advocates believe that slavery did not go against the spiritual teachings.There were also economic considerations in the use of slaves to work in Southern plantations. They were the most cost-efficient, available laborers. Their owners realized big returns of investments that they wer e able to give their slaves decent and comfortable lives, by way of homes, clothing, medical care and assurance of a stable future. The slave and their owners had a paternalistic relationship where the latter took care of the slaves like family.

Philosophy of Samsung

Philosophy of SamsungQuestion 1 Samsung is a popular name in almost every folk across the world. Samsung group products range from phones to washing machine. Emerging in the 1928 as a food exporter in Korea, shipping seafoods to China (Nytimes.com, 2013). Prior to becoming Samsung Electronics, amongst 1950 and 1960, Samsung got into business worry textiles and manufacturing (Kovach, 2013). Business of textiles and manufacturing proved to be successful to Samsung because their profits had soared by 20-folds (Fundinguniverse.com, 2002). During the late 60s, Samsung group became Samsung Electronics, mainly responsible for manufacturing television. It made its first smuggled and white television in 1970. Parallel to producing electronic goods such as television, Samsung became a part of many service businesses including insurance, discussion section store and security. Samsungs founder leeward Byung-Chull was charged with corruption during the 1960s, which is when Samsung tasted its bitter time plosive speech sound. However the charges dropped as it was proved to be a result of fabrication (Fundinguniverse.com, 2002). Nevertheless, after the release of Lee, due to the protrude of electronics sale, Samsung continued to witness growth between 1970 and 1980. In the year of 1980, Samsung had bought a well-known telecommunication company known as Hanguk Jeonja Tongsin (Kovach, 2013). As a result, Samsung started the turnout of telephone, fax machines and switchboards. Despite Samsungs founders death, Samsung maintained its core values and approaches. Its standards could allow for continual expansion (Mathew, 2012). It invested money in research to develop new engine room which brought Samsung a good outcome. It is evident in 1992 when Samsung became the just brand name to produce memory chips. Huge profits were made during 1995 when Samsung build Liquid Crystal let out screen (Lim and Park, 2012). Samsungs mass electronics production did not leave it behind i n other industries it had invested in. Its construction division was able to conduct big projects same(p) the Burj Khalifa and the Petronas prevail (Kovach, 2013).Recently Samsung surfaced in media reports for all the wrong conditions. These included, the vice-chairman of Samsung, Lee Jae-Yong arrested and Samsung Galaxy Note 7 catching on fire. According to Appendix 1, it is evident that an influential chaebol alike(p) Samsung are deeply connected and give up ties with government. Opposing the Chaebol system is opposing government which got Lee facing charges of bribery and corruption. Furthermore, it is important to understand that company like Samsung are grounded by the Korean values and the Chaebols do not necessarily accept westwardised method of working. Lees westerly education gave him the vision to mixture the way this Chaebol functions besides as his friend quoted he still operates in a very much Koreanised economic, political and business environment, indicating that the government is not willing to sacrifice the historic period of traditions and culture that the Chaebols were founded upon (Martin and Cheng, 2017).In short, Samsungs philosophy is described as Inspired by humans, creating the approaching (Design.samsung.com, 2014). This implies Samsung values the ideas spawned by people and believes that it is inseparable for us to construct the future in terms of building new engineering and revolutionising the way technology plays its role in the society. It in any case mentions about sustainable values which Samsung promotes, not only to its employees but also to the wide community to build designs and use technology that is compatible with the environment (Design.samsung.com, 2014). Samsungs aim also includes to bring joy and meaning to our lives, concentrate on developing the technology that empowers us (Design.samsung.com, 2014). Samsung stands by its three goals which are balance of reasoning and feeling, simplicity with resonanc e and meaningful innovation. Keeping into account with its account and understanding its goals for the future, it is valid to conclude that Samsungs approach to future is to integrate technology in our lives to move forward into the future.Question 2Chaebol is a style that emerged in the early sixties in South Korea. It is a style started by a conglomerate of businesses that were formed through various strategies introduced by the government, in swan to build the Korean economy post war (Stephen, n.d.). The centralised ownership of business like the Chaebol, is leading the Korean economy ever since its creation. Parallel to western style, the governing body/s is owned by the founders family, where the professionals manage and owner earns the credits of both owning and managing the organisation.Chaebol implemented policies that promoted manufacturing industries and exporting of goods which were in synchronisation with the world economic trend, whence stabilising Korean economic gr owth and development (Murillo and Sung, 2013). Central leadership to work towards national development and cultural emphasis on acceptance of sanction are key features of Korean society which Chaebol implemented into its work management. This as a result made Chaebol grow towards success. Samsung and LG are examples of prominent chaebols known today. plaque culture is the way members of the particular organisation behave with each other as a result of shared values, beliefs and assumption (Robbins and Coulter, 2012). This is particularly important to highlight when discussing Chaebols organisational culture. Koreas Chaebol is known for its distinguishing management style. Some of its many key features include self-made founders, management by clan and tight ties with the government (Yoo and Lee, 1987). The management style of Chaebol is that of top-down management. The owners or founders have large influence in the management of Chaebol. Chaebols are largely influenced by the Korea n values which sustain Chaebols success (Economist.com, 2017). Its rise in the 1960s meant that the working style was similar to that of colonial Japanese Zaibatsu, however the Korean Chaebols management stick to Confucians tradition, which Korean society is significantly based on. The Confucian tradition promotes the necessity and strength in familial relations. Hence the owners are regarded as the father-figure while the employees maintain their sense of belonging through conglutination (Rhyu, 2017). Confucian culture is not only embedded within the firms but also forms the basis for the management of powerful ties between Chaebol and the government (Rhyu, 2017). The time period of 1960 was also a factor that gave Chaebols a unique characteristic. Conflict during that time had a huge impact on shaping management practices upheld by the come up Chaebols. In array to establish strong relation between the employee and the company, Chaebols used military disciplines which meant new employee had to undergo training. Training included the learning the firms principles in order to uphold the organisations culture (Economist.com, 2017).Question 3 Due to recent incidents of Samsung phone overheating and catching on flames, Samsung witnessed a huge market share decline. The Korean company had to recall all the Galaxy Note 7 that was sold. It had to recall close to 3 million phones costing Samsung more than $5 million. However the replacement phones also caused overheating. This not only affected the companys market share and position but hit the companys reputation (Hollister, 2016). Shares plummeted so much that it was cut by $17 billion from its market. This left Samsung frantically searching for the reason behind the phones defect. The drop in market value was 8% which was recorded the highest since 2008 (Lee, Kim and Kim, 2016). These phones caught on fire due to barrage fire defects. The battery defects was a result of design flaw. The phone design was not co mpatible with the battery that was supposed to be fit into the phone. Research reveals that the thin sheets of formative separating the positive and negative sides had slightly touched at the edges due to stress hence created a puncture point. This point became least resistant to electric eat and caused the phone to eventually overheat to the point of bursting into flames. Phone industries continue to use lithium batteries despite the risk but lithium battery was not the reason for Samsung Galaxy Note 7 to catch on fire (Tibken and Cheng, 2017).According to Gartner, the worldwide sale of smartphones had increased by 7%. Samsung was No. 1 in Global Smartphone ranking, however after the Galaxy Note 7 incident, during the fourth quarter of 2016, Apple took the No. 1 spot, pushing Samsung to the 2nd position on the Chart (Miller, 2017).Samsung suffered a blow due to the Galaxy Note 7, so it is imperative to be successful with the next new device it introduces to regain its nervous im pulse in the market (Titcomb, 2016).Question 4Every organisation represents and stand by the values that it was founded upon. Similarly, Samsung also represents the values it set when it was founded. It has also set goals which allows the organisation to work towards. Samsung, to be a leading smartphone producer, has taken years of shaping the way the organisation works and made improvements where required such as adopting western ethics and code of conduct. Recently, the Samsung Galaxy Note 7 has caused severe damage and button to Samsung (Titcomb, 2016). Although its ranking on the global smartphone has fallen from the first to second, the monetary loss and the blow to its reputation was great (Titcomb, 2016). Samsungs incident with Galaxy Note 7 is not reflection of its standards because as mentioned above, there has been events in history of Samsung that caused Samsung loss, both in money and reputation but it is because of its standards it has risen out the troubles. In the in cident with the Galaxy Note 7, Samsung has displayed the fact that the company shows quick response to any defects with its products. Samsung acted fleetly when it was notified about its products catching fire (Tibken and Cheng, 2017). Hence in terms of the way the organisation responds is something that should continue not be changed. However, as CEO, it would be necessary to change the testing process prior to launching any product. For Samsung, it just not about just good ideas and new designs, it should be the implementation of that good idea. For example, smartphone producers like Samsung and Apple have been using lithium battery for all their technologies so far but it is vital for them to test it and understand whether the new technology that they have designed is compatible with the battery (Tibken and Cheng, 2017). As CEO, after the Galaxy Note incident, it is essential that Samsung moves forward with technology but keeping into account whether the new technology is compat ible with the parts that are not new.As CEO, the workforce should look the way it is but since there are many factors affect work environment, it is essential to take them into consideration. For example, it is understandable that parts of any products are manufactured all around the world, however it is difficult to trace back especially when the product has a defect like how it happened with the Galaxy Note 7 (Mack, 2012).Due to this incident, I would implement a change in the workforce. I would want the testing department to rigorously test components designed and also test after the components that have returned from the foreign country that has built it. Such thorough testing is important in order to not only maintain the reputation of the organisation but also stand firm with the organisations goal to deliver quality products and service. Samsung organisation follows the Korean values which it is founded upon. These values have enabled it to work smoothly within Korea but expa nd worldwide (Rhyu, 2017). The types of employees that would be hired are the ones that uphold the organisations values. Employees who contributing to imbibe Samsung meet its goals are the sort of employees that would be hired. Employees should be aware of the culture that the organisation is founded upon and must integrate with the organisation.BibliographyDesign.samsung.com. (2014). SAMSUNG DESIGN PHILOSOPHY. online available at http//design.samsung.com/global/ contents/samsung_philosophy/ Accessed 14 Mar. 2017.Economist.com. (2017). Corporate culture in South Korea Loosening their ties. online Available at http//www.economist.com/news/business/21679214-punishing-work-culture-gradually-being-relaxed-loosening-their-ties Accessed 13 Mar. 2017.Fundinguniverse.com. (2002). History of Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. FundingUniverse. online Available at http//www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/samsung-electronics-co-ltd-history/ Accessed 15 Mar. 2017.Hollister, S. (2016). Here s why Samsung Note 7 phones are catching fire. online CNET. Available at https//www.cnet.com/au/news/why-is-samsung-galaxy-note-7-exploding-overheating/ Accessed 14 Mar. 2017.Kovach, S. (2013). How Samsung Went From A Dried Fish Exporter To One Of The crown Names In Tech. online Business Insider Australia. Available at https//www.businessinsider.com.au/history-of-samsung-2013-2?r=USIR=Tsamsung-was-founded-by-byung-chull-lee-in-1938-in-taegu-korea-the-company-started-as-a-food-exporter-in-korea-and-shipped-items-like-dried-fish-and-flour-to-china-1 Accessed 13 Mar. 2017.Lee, Y., Kim, H. and Kim, S. (2016). Samsung Market Value Plummets $17 Billion on Note 7 Sales Halt. online Bloomberg.com. Available at https//www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-10-10/samsung-crisis-raises-prospect-note-7-could-head-to-scrapheap Accessed 13 Mar. 2017.Lim, B. and Park, K. (2012). The Success Story of Samsung Electronics How It All Began Samsung Official Blog Samsung Village. online Samsung Official Blog Samsung Village. Available at http//www.samsungvillage.com/ intercommunicate/2012/06/01/samsungblog-the-success-story-of-samsung-electronics-how-it-all-began/ Accessed 15 Mar. 2017.Mack, E. (2012). Are any smartphones not made in China?. online CNET. Available at https//www.cnet.com/au/news/are-any-smartphones-not-made-in-china/ Accessed 15 Mar. 2017.Martin, T., Cheng, J., (2017) Samsung heir Lee Jae-yong coil to bottom Wall Street Journal in The Australian URL http//www.theaustralian.com.au/business/wall-street-journal/samsung-heir-leejaeyong-spiral-to-bottom/news-story/f39e503332b7cb1b8b5db302c2ac7c67 (accessed 22/2/17).Mathew, A. (2012). Samsung Story History, Founder, Founded, CEO Conglomerate Companies SuccessStory. online Successstory.com. Available at https//successstory.com/companies/samsung-group Accessed 15 Mar. 2017.Miller, C. (2017). Latest Gartner data shows Apple edge out Samsung in market share during Q4 2016. online 9to5Mac. Available at https//9to5mac.com/20 17/02/15/samsung-loses-market-share-to-apple-in-q4-2016/ Accessed 12 Mar. 2017.Murillo, D. and Sung, Y. (2013). Understanding Korean Capitalism Chaebols and their Corporate Governance. ESADEgeo-CENTRE FOR GLOBAL ECONOMY AND GEOPOLITICS. online Available at http//Understanding Korean Capitalism Chaebols and their Corporate Governance Accessed 16 Mar. 2017.Nytimes.com. (2013). From Fish Trader to Smartphone Maker. online Available at http//www.nytimes.com/interactive/2013/12/15/technology/samsung-timeline.html?_r=1 Accessed 15 Mar. 2017.Rhyu, S. (2017). Confucianist Culture and Institutional Change the Growth and Reform of the Korean Chaebols . online Georgetown Journal of external Affairs. Available at http//journal.georgetown.edu/confucianist-culture-and-institutional-change-the-growth-and-reform-of-the-korean-chaebols/ Accessed 13 Mar. 2017.Robbins, S. and Coulter, M. (2012). Management. 11th ed. New York Pearson Education.Stephen, K. (n.d.). Chaebol Structure. Hanyang University. online Available at https//www.google.com.au/url?sa=trct=jq=esrc=ssource=webcd=4ved=0ahUKEwjFlMbb7fPSAhVO42MKHUg_DbQQFggsMAMurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kasba.or.kr%2Fezboard%2Fdownload.php%3Fmode%3Ddown%26UID%3D115%26idx%3D1%26BID%3Dboard09%26GID%3Droot%26sysop%3D%26fm%3D%26BType%3D%26ListMax%3Dusg=AFQjCNG7C_C-7QU9U9MdlNEgCoeKRM5Gzwbvm=bv.150729734,d.cGccad=rja Accessed 15 Mar. 2017.Tibken, S. and Cheng, R. (2017). Samsung answers burning Note 7 questions, vows better batteries. online CNET. Available at https//www.cnet.com/news/samsung-answers-burning-note-7-questions-vows-better-batteries/ Accessed 12 Mar. 2017.Titcomb, J. (2016). Samsung and Apples grip on smartphone market slips to less than one in three sales. online The Telegraph. Available at http//www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/2016/11/17/samsung-and-apples-grip-on-smartphone-market-slips-to-less-than/ Accessed 14 Mar. 2017.Yoo, S. and Lee, S. (1987). Management Style and Practice of Korean Chaebols. CALIFORNIA MANAGEMENT REVIEW, o nline 29(4). Available at https//www.google.com.au/url?sa=trct=jq=esrc=ssource=webcd=4cad=rjauact=8ved=0ahUKEwiTp6-57PPSAhVY2GMKHUvYCMkQFggrMAMurl=http%3A%2F%2Fjournals.sagepub.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.2307%2F41162133usg=AFQjCNEOxdFT3forMhyRghBP0BXffWTcfAbvm=bv.150729734,d.dGc Accessed 15 Mar. 2017.

Effects of Technology on Modern Day Architecture and Design

Effects of engineering on Modern Day Architecture and DesignArchitecture has revolutionized and changed in the twenty-first century compared to the nineteen century due to technology. Even though many factors lay down played major mappings in the changing of computer architecture, technology has played the most of import role for architectural change. Architecture and technology exit be two terms that volition be expenditured throughout this penning. According to the Webster dictionary, architecture is defined as the art or science of designing and creating buildings while technology is the application of scientific k directlyledge for practical purposes, especially in industry. Technology nowadays plays an important role in our societies since most buildings especially condos and houses are way different compared to the ones that were built in the nineteen century. Todays buildings/condos in our societies are now built mostly through the use of digital visualization technol ogies that are purposely planned to create certain kinds of impression and atmosphere in our society. Technology and architecture goes hand in hand as both terms benefit from each other due to the fact that technology has helped architects in mechanical drawing their designs more effectively and efficiently instead of using their hands. This es set up will aim to analyze how modern technologies are operating as a diagnose part of architecture and design, whether technology is having a positive or disallow impact on architecture and architectural work methods. There will in addition be a discussion on Computer-aided design (CAD). In relating it to the course, this paper will mostly touch on hyper change since its evident that technology is hence changing how individuals perceive and understand objects and structures. The most important technology/software that this essay will look at is the Computer-aided design (CAD) and Geographic Information system (GIS) and how both take a leak affected architecture and design. At the moment, technology has totally revolutionized our city we live in and our way of living. Walking around downtown Toronto and sightedness buildings such as the OCAD building and the Royal Ontario museum indicates how far buildings have change due to technology. Looking at how far technology has brought architecture, its safe to say that technology will open new valet de chambres by assisting in the making of new materials to construct buildings.Notes on modern architecture by Antoine Picon shows that architecture has been tight related to technology since the nineteen century and argues that modernisms tendency towards architecture has made it possible to elevate the living settings of the masses. Scholars such as Banham have argued that technology certainly has shaped architecture throughout history. Examples such as the creation of the Flying Buttress in Europe allowed Master Builders to restore the spacious walls of Romanesque chu rches, the Etruscan keystone arch allowed the Roman Empire to make tough and strong bridges. The most outstanding example is the development of skyscrapers which was made possible by the maneuver of mass produced steel and safety elevators. In the world, the tallest skyscraper is the Burj Khalifa in Dubai while in Toronto, the highest skyscraper is the CN Tower alone the tallest inhabitable is the First Canadian Place. Banham looks at how technology should be considered as an essential part of architecture but does not really discuss the effects and impacts technology is having on modern day architecture. This essay will tackle this issue and expand on the ideas Banham out forward in his book and other scholarly works by different authors.This research paper will have an introduction where major terminologies that will be used throughout the paper will be defined. The introduction will also have the thesis and the arguments supporting the thesis. The next surgical incision of this paper will solely discuss Computer-aided design (CAD), the types of CAD and the contributions that this software has made to architecture and design. The next section will look at will be the advantages and disadvantages of technology on architecture. Research shows that indeed technology has had a positive effect on architecture so these advantages will be explored further. Lastly, this paper will look at what technology can do for architecture in the future. In conclusion, this paper will summarize all the arguments and points put together and opinions of scholars will also be touched upon.Annotated BibliographyBanham, R. (1984).The architecture of the well-tempered environment(2nd ed). London architectural Press.In this book, the author points out that technology, benevolent needs, and environmental concerns are all interconnected and all of them play a vital part in the development of architecture. He argues that technological and mechanical advancements in simple areas such a s ventilation, heating and other 20th century designs needs more attention since architecture is not just about designs and buildings but also the mechanical systems that makes them work.. accede, D. P. (1985).History of architecture Stonehenge to skyscrapers. New York McGraw-Hill.In this book, Crouch tackles architecture from a historic point of view from the Stonehenge in England to the skyscrapers which are hold inn around the world mostly in developed countries. Crouch talks about basically how far architecture has go into as she explores architecture in ancient Egypt, Greece and Rome. Crouch argues that architecture is now developing into a science-based due to the progression of technology.Donald, Watson (1984). Architecture, Technology, and Environment. Journal of Architectural Education Vol. 51, No. 2 (Nov., 1997), pp. 119-126 Published byTaylor Francis, Ltd.on behalf of theAssociation of Collegiate Schools of Architecture, Inc. uniform resource locator http//www.jstor.o rg.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/stable/1425452In this journal, Donald argues that a small number of architectural educators dismiss the fact that technology is part of architecture and he insists that both architecture and technology are dependent on each other. Donald also argues that technology puts greater emphasis and higher expectations on architecture due to the fact that technology in architecture is not just about simply the beautiful structures and buildings we see but it is about the knowledge and information the society as a square gain in the making of these structures.Encarnao, J. L., Lindner, R., Schlechtendahl, E. G. (. G. (1990).Computer aided design Fundamentals and system architectures(2nd ed.). Berlin New York Springer-Verlag.This book explains the computer aided design software in specially how it works, its principles, ways and how it has helped in the development and revolution of architecture. Encarnao and his co-authors identifies the main components of CAD an d they concluded by showing the steps adopt in making this apparatusHeynen, Hilde. (1999).Architecture and modernity A critique. Cambridge, Mass. MIT Press.This author suggests a remarkable outline of investigation that explains the history of modern movements and difficulty it has faced. Hilde tries to connect modern movement and cultural surmise of modernity. Hilde argues that architecture and modernity relies relatively greatly on the kind of modernity being created. Hilde asks the question what relations exist or ought to exist between architecture and modernity? .So with this asked, she explores how architecture and modernity is connected.Karl D. Stephan. (2005). Masterworks of Technology The Story of Creative Engineering, Architecture, and Design. Technology and Culture, Volume 46, Number 3 Retrieved fromhttp//muse.jhu.edu/journals/tech/summary/v046/46.3stephan.htmlAccording to this journal brush up by Karl, technology has always been part of human society. The author talk s about technological creativeness and vision throughout the years. Karl argues that science and engineering has come together and its pushing architecture to a new and different level never imagined before from the pyramids of Egypt to now skyscrapers seen around the world. Karl talks about the framework involve in skyscraper developments especially that of the Chicagos Sears Tower as he builds on the ideas of F. R. Khans influence important on skyscraper design.Le Corbusier. (1952). Towards a new architecture. London The Architectural Press.In this book, Le Corbusier book talks about architecture and the society as he wrote about new advancements that we see today in our communities today. He parallels the speed of which architecture is growing with that of the advancement in the society. Le Corbusier also addresses five principles of modern architecture, mass production and industrialization.Rivard, H. (2000). A Survey On The Impact Of Information Technology On The Canadian Archi tecture, Engineering And Construction Industry. Journal of Information Technology in Construction (ITcon), v.5, p.37In this survey, researches aim in determining the impact of technology on architecture, construction and engineering. This survey proved that all architects now have access to computer and save one percent of the architects that answered the questionnaire study indicated that they do not use computers to help them with their work. The survey proved that truly most when it comes to the drawing of design most architects use CAD. This survey showed technology is an essential part of architecture, construction and engineering field now and almost every individual that works in these fields avow on them to help him/her work efficiently.Stephenson, S. (2007).The consolidation of technology into a landscape architecture graduate program A parapraxis study.(Order No. NR39441, University of Toronto (Canada)).ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, 232. Retrieved from http//searc h.proquest.com.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/docview/304757618?accountid=15182This is a case study show the ways in which technology is contributing to the landscape of architecture and the difficult process involved in it. The study mostly touches on design process and studio culture while it looks at how technology has affected this area either in a positive, neutral or negative way. Throughout this paper, its clear that technology has change landscape architecture especially when it comes to how materials are produced and how designers all over the world are able to rival each other in a matter of seconds due to technology.Saeideh Feizi Azarshahr, Alireza Motamadniya, Mostafa Basiri (2013). New Technologies in Modern Architecture and its Interaction with handed-down Architecture. Research Journal of chemical substance and Environmental Sciences Vol 1 Issue 3 70-80 In this article, Azarshahr et al argues that the use of technology results in the establishment of flawless and perfect buildings and technology has always been a part of architecture as Azarshahr et al describes two types of technology traditional technology and modern technology. According to these authors, traditional technology has not been documented as much compared to modern technology and this modern technology has led to the computerization and industrialization of architecture.REFERENCESBanham, R. (1984).The architecture of the well-tempered environment(2nd ed). London Architectural Press.Crouch, D. P. (1985).History of architecture Stonehenge to skyscrapers. New York McGraw-Hill.Donald, Watson (1984). Architecture, Technology, and Environment. Journal of Architectural Education Vol. 51, No. 2 (Nov., 1997), pp. 119-126 Published byTaylor Francis, Ltd.on behalf of theAssociation of Collegiate Schools of Architecture, Inc. URL http//www.jstor.org.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/stable/1425452Encarnao, J. L., Lindner, R., Schlechtendahl, E. G. (. G. (1990).Computer aided design Fundamentals and sys tem architectures(2nd ed.). Berlin New York Springer-Verlag.Heynen, Hilde. (1999).Architecture and modernity A critique. Cambridge, Mass. MIT Press.Karl D. Stephan. (2005). Masterworks of Technology The Story of Creative Engineering, Architecture, and Design. Technology and Culture, Volume 46, Number 3 Retrieved fromhttp//muse.jhu.edu/journals/tech/summary/v046/46.3stephan.htmlLe Corbusier. (1952). Towards a new architecture. London The Architectural Press.Rivard, H. (2000). A Survey On The Impact Of Information Technology On The Canadian Architecture, Engineering And Construction Industry. Journal of Information Technology in Construction (ITcon), v.5, p.37Stephenson, S. (2007).The integration of technology into a landscape architecture graduate program A case study.(Order No. NR39441, University of Toronto (Canada)).ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, 232. Retrieved from http//search.proquest.com.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/docview/304757618?accountid=15182Saeideh Feizi Azarshahr, Ali reza Motamadniya, Mostafa Basiri (2013). New Technologies in Modern Architecture and its Interaction with Traditional Architecture. Research Journal of Chemical and Environmental Sciences Vol 1 Issue 3 70-80

Brain Mechanism And Artificial Intelligence Psychology Essay

Brain Mechanism And synthetic Intelligence Psychology EssayArtificial Intelligence is the art of programming computers in stage to produce searching conduct, whereas point theory is the study of the brains function, to understand how the brain functions, the stimulations that go within and how outputs be produced via mathematical modeling and computer stimulation. It can be argued that twain contain similar characteristics for functionality, both(prenominal) works together, this can be seen through dyed intelligence information used to understand the roles of brain mechanisms. what is more both be involved in high cognitive task, such(prenominal) as reasoning, problem solving and closing making. Although some philosophers experience accepted that machines can do all(prenominal)thing that graciouss can do, some disagree with this view arguing that such high sophisticated behavior such as love, emotions discovery and moral decisions can altogether be carried out by ma nhood.AI for many years has been pursuing the study of prehensile behaviour, but using artificial methodology. Intelligence can be defined as the ability to learn and understand, to solve problems and make decisions, both AI and the human brain treat this characteristic. In order to study human intelligence some use artificial intelligence to understand human processes. One of the close to significant papers on machine intelligence has been explored by Alan Turning however his theories still remain universal. Turning (1950) predicted that by 2000, a computer could be programmed to rush a conversation with a human interrogator for five minutes and that it would be able to deceive the interrogator that it is human, this suggest a splice between AI and brain mechanisms. Both the human brain and machines are able to solve convoluted mathematical calculations a machine whitethorn be designed to solve these calculations faster than the human brain. Although evidence suggests that our brain stores the equivalent of nigh of over 1018 bits and can process information at the equivalent of about 1015 bits per second. Therefore both AI and brain mechanisms can work together to produce efficient results, as it is evident that both accept input and stimulate the correct output. It is required that an intelligent machine should help human make decisions, to search for information, to control complex objects, and finally to understand the meaning of words.One of the realistic definitions of AI refers to cognitive processes and especially to reasoning. Before making any decisions, people also reason, it is therefore natural to explore the links between both. Since the early 1950s, there has been a vast development of AI where it has become a valuable tool to support humans making decisions, similarly specific brain mechanisms are involved in decision making in the brain, one can argue that both working together will lead to more sound and faster decisions. To supp ort this, research shows that more sophisticated and user-friendly forms of computer-assisted decision aiding technologies are universe developed, guinea pigs include decision support systems and external information convalescence system, this then can work alongside brain mechanisms.AI has largely been used for problem solving such machines have been created than can go beyond the human brain ability to solve problems. These include solving mathematical problems of high complexity these are programmed to do exactly what we want them to do. AI is without delay involved in solving real life issues, which are usually dealt by human brain mechanisms, some may suggest that it may realise to such an extent that it outperforms the best traders and investors. Evidence suggest that they are already involved in to forecast the economy and analyze credit risk, these just being to examples. This is a rapid growing plain which needs to be given attention. More money is being spent on this as the developments in this field have been immense. Neural networks, is one specific type of AI that mimics many characteristics of the human brain. Research suggests that neural networks are able to draw conclusions of data that is sketchy and may learn from previous mistakes, thus imitating performance outputs by brain mechanisms.AI systems are increasingly being developed and increasing rapidly, this is because of the variety of applications it includes, such as symbolic reasoning, flexibility and explanation capabilities, thus both AI and brain mechanisms can work together and produce efficient results that would make every day life seem less effortless and produce faster results. The goal of building AI agents was that it provides efficiency and most importantly works collimate to brain mechanisms, such as contains features such as cognitive abilities which will play a role in decision making and help in difficult and complex human situations. Furthermore cognitive abilitie s such as perception, reasoning, learning and planning turn technical systems into systems that know what they are doing therefore they may function in parallel to the ways brain mechanisms do. Through the years there has been vast developments and more work is being put into these systems in order to it contains certain amount of represented knowledge , learn from previous experiences in order to prevent mistakes previously do and so that it makes further improvement and changes. Furthermore developers have aimed to develop AI even further, such as justify the actions and decisions made, be aware of the capabilities it contains and be able to reflect on its behaviour, these are the alike(p) roles that brain mechanisms play, thus they aim to create a parallel model.Although such developments have been made through many years, it may be argued that AI may still not be able to compete with the advanced functionality of brain mechanisms. Despite the speed and memory capacity, AI stru ggles to contend. The human brain contains around 20 billion neurons, each neuron being connected through synapses of approximately 10,000 other neurons, which AI cannot possibly mimic. However there has been continuous progress and advances of AI, an example might be face recognition software, which detects photos the brain does this automatically, and relies on memory similar to AI where it uses its stored memory for collection. In AI this has been used for security purposes, which have demonstrated to be very successful. Previous advances include voice recognition, which both AI and brain mechanisms share. For AI this has not only be used in terms of security reasons but also in order to function the device and making it more easier and convenient for use, this has been done through using assorted applications, where it involves programming, the same way the brain mechanisms programme in order to carry out specified roles. In addition although AI applications use many techniques , the implicit in(p) building block is called the neural network, likewise brain mechanisms functions the same way.Things that were difficult to reason earlier on have become easier to understand through advances in technology. As the human brain being such a complex mechanism it has been difficult to observe human brain activity. New advances have been made in recent years, FMRI (Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging) being one of these discoveries which has helped immensely to capture brain activity, this has been significant help for AI as it enables to have an insight on brain activity, which may help advance and help imitate brain mechanisms. Furthermore, this then shifts the balance between building artificial intelligent systems and studying natural intelligence. It should be expected that in the future, there should be numerous studies on relating artificial intelligence to natural intelligence. Current evidence suggests that both can work together to demonstrate different cognitive states in humans, here artificial intelligence has been used for learning algorithms to distinguish between motley cognitive states observed through FMRI. Looking at this area further, natural and artificial intelligence are both said to be closely connect in most objects and in everyday life generally. Both get impacted if are hit physically. Human behavior is said to be artificial at times, both function through language and communication. Communication is essential for both AI and brain mechanisms in order to function. Through communication they are able to send out essential messages, which helps to maintain these systems and allows them to function effectively and plays a key role in all aspects.AI shares many characteristics with brain mechanisms one may argue that an essential feature which only human mechanisms can produce is emotions. Emotion is defined as a persons feelings and behavior which has a direct affect on the performance, emotions may act as an obstac le to produce intelligent outcome, thus it can be argued that because AI lacks to produce emotions this may not have an impact, therefore not having an influence on the outcomes it produces. However it is essential, that in order to emulate human behavior and to work alongside humans that AI should have emotions, it is required that not only should it think and reason but also be able to show emotions.Overall evidence suggests that both artificial intelligence and brain mechanisms are closely related, both work together in order to produce efficient outcomes. AI and brain mechanisms share many key characteristics such as reasoning, problem solving and decision making and intelligence. Recent evidence suggest that AI has allowed us to understand complex brain processes, this then enables to understand human actions and decisions in more depth. However many researchers still argue that the high level cognition can only be produced by brain mechanisms, such as emotions and feelings tha t AI fails to produce.

The Lincoln Administration Pursuit of Freedom Essay -- essays research

The Lincoln Administration Pursuit of FreedomThere are many ways to describe what license is in fact Websters dictionary offers nine different explanations of what the word means. A right or the power to engage in certain actions without control or interference, is one of the most ubiquitous definitions. There are many ways to describe independence and American history has pictured it in very contradictory manners. In the late 1700s, it was very obvious that Americas forefathers sought freedom as they based their revolution on the principal of emancipation scarcely it was only a short while later that the freedoms of others within the country were being inhibited by slavery. Slavery inhibits accomplished liberties and in a land of equal opportunity, such as America, needed to be removed. Freedom and slavery have always been closely related but the issues that surround the terms have been handled very differently by the leaders of the nation. Abraham Lincoln, the sixteenth presi dent of the USA, is a key figure against the oppression of passel and an activist in the struggle to remove slavery and gain freedom for all. Freedom is an antonym of slavery. After years of fighting to gain independence and essentially freedom from the King of England, America became a slave endorsing entity. This era of American history is a bit of a paradox, why would people fight so potent for justice just to take away the freedoms of another people? In the United States, Slavery existed primarily in the southern states. In 1800, there were roughly 900,000 slaves in the U.S. only 40,000 of which were in the Northern states. It was in the south where large plantation owners bought people to perform grueling manual labor. These dark skinned people were literally worked to death on many occasions and rarely saw any form of retribution from their owners. Men, women and children alike had their civil liberties ripped from them at birth and were do by like misused animals for al l of their lives. some people believed that this treatment of African Americans was inhumane but sadly did not act to stop the brutal imprisonment. Many of societys earliest leaders regarded slavery as evil and inconsistent with the principles of the Declaration of Independence. However they hesitated to take political action to prohibit the enslaving of people because many southerners saw the ownership of slaves was... ...tizens all within its borders. The suppression of one persons rights while another is allowed to take advantage of those lost liberties no longer has a place in this world. Abraham Lincoln ensured an undivided country and abolished its reason for separation by reinstating the true meaning of the Declaration of Independence. Lincoln guaranteed freedom and justice to all of this countrys citizens as his forefathers who led the American Revolution had intended.       Works CitedCox, LaWanda C. Fenlason. Lincoln and black freedom a study in pres idential leadership. Columbia, S.C. University of South Carolina Press, 1981.Liberty," Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia 99. Microsoft Corporation. 1993-1998Lincoln, Abraham," Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia 99. Microsoft Corporation. 1993-1998Slavery in the United States. Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia 99. Microsoft Corporation. 1993-1998The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language. Fourth EditionHoughton Mifflin fellowship 2000Wightman Richard Fox, and James T. Kloppenberg, eds. A Companion to AmericanThought. Cambridge, Mass. Blackwell Publishers, 1995.

Lack of Reason in Shakespeares Othello Essay -- GCSE Coursework Shake

Lack of Reason in Shakespeares OthelloWilliam Shakespeare presents the character Othello as an excellent leader in the play, Othello. The numbfish has strength, charisma, and articulateness. Yet Othello cannot reason. The battlefield and Senate are, at least in Othello, depicted as places of honor, where men speak truly. In addition, the matters of war and state are relatively aboveboard no one lies to Othello, all seem to respect him. He never even has to fight in the play, with the enemy disappearing by themselves. This simplistic spatial relation does not help him in matters of the heart. His marriage is based on tall tales and pity and his friendships are never examined he thinks that anyone who knows him love him. Thus the ultimate valuation of Othello must be that, although he leads well and means well, he lacks good judgment and common sense. This becomes most plainly obvious in his final twain speeches, where even though the play ends properly, and in a dignified way, O thello never fully realizes or takes responsibility for what has happened. These two last orations of Othello are noble in speech and purpose, but lack comprehension. He uses the first to attack himself for his horrible deed certainly this is the first reaction of anyone who has wrongly killed his beloved. He delivers condemnation upon himself with eloquence and anguish. The latter speech he gives in his final role as a leader, directing the men who remain about how to deal with what has happened and showing them he has purged the evil. In his initial self-loathing and remorse at realizing the truth of Desdemonas innocence, Othello is genuinely anguished. This look of thine will hurl my soul from heaven, / And fiends will snatch at it. (V.2.325-326) It is clear t... ...this, Othello dies not as a tragic hero, but as someone destroyed by circumstance and evil. But the superficiality of his marriage and the fact that if he had altogether been honest to his wife and lieutenant he wou ld have found out the truth point in another direction. Othello could lead, but he could not reason. deeds Cited and Consulted Armstrong, Edward Allworthy. 1946. Shakespeares imagination a study of the psychology of association and inspiration. London L. Drummond. Gardner, Helen. The Noble Moor. Othello Critical Essays. Ed. Susan Snyder. raw(a) York and London Garland Publishing, Inc., 1988 Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Othello The Moor of Venice. The Signet Classic Shakespeare. Ed. Alvin Kernan. New York Penguin Putnam, 1998. Wilson, H. S. On the Design of Shakespearean Tragedy. Canada University of Toronto Press, 1957.